Database management is a method of coordinating the information that a company needs to run its business operations. It involves storing data, disseminating it to users and applications, editing it as needed, monitoring data changes, and protecting against data corruption due to unexpected failure. It is a part of a company’s informational infrastructure that supports decision-making and growth of the company as well as compliance with laws like the GDPR and the California Consumer Privacy Act.
The first database systems were invented in the 1960s by Charles Bachman, IBM and others. They evolved into information management systems (IMS), which allowed huge amounts of data to be stored and retrieved for a range of reasons. From calculating inventory, to supporting complicated financial collegecsm.majjane.info accounting functions, and human resource functions.
A database consists of a set of tables that store data according to some schema, such as one-to many relationships. It utilizes primary keys to identify records and permit cross-references between tables. Each table is comprised of a variety of fields, also known as attributes, that contain information about the data entities. The most widely used type of database today is a relational model, designed by E. F. “Ted” Codd at IBM in the 1970s. This model is based on normalizing data to make it more user-friendly. It is also easier to update data since it doesn’t require the modification of certain sections of the database.
Most DBMSs support multiple types of databases by providing different internal and external levels of organization. The internal level concerns the cost, scalability, and other operational issues, such as the physical layout of the database. The external level is the representation of the database on user interfaces and applications. It could comprise a mix of different external views based on different data models. It can include virtual tables that are calculated using generic data to improve the performance.